EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT AND CORRESPONDING FACTORS AFFECTING IN VITRO GERMINATION OF CYMBIDIUM FABERI × C. SINENSE HYBRID SEEDS

Authors

  • Fengtong Li Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Jianzhong Bao Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Ye Sun Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Chungui Liu Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Hui Ma Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Tian Zhang Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province
  • Xiulan Chen Jiangsu Lixiahe Region Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu Province

Abstract

A better understanding of embryo development would provide insights into seed quality and subsequent germination events in the interspecific hybridization of Cymbidium faberi ‘Jiepeimei’ × C. sinense ‘Qijianheimo’. At the mature stage, 26.1% of the ovules were abnormal. Most of the hybrid embryos could develop normally. Abortions mainly occurred at the zygote (9.5%) and 2-4-celled embryo (15.1%) stages. No germination was observed at 90 and 105 days after pollination (DAP), when the embryo was at the early globular stage, with abundant organelles but no storage materials. During 110-130 DAP, the globular embryo was formed and the starch grains began to accumulate in plastids. The hybrid seeds collected at 120 DAP showed initiation of germination. Germination significantly increased at 135 DAP and was maximal at 150 DAP, during which period the hybrid embryos developed into the late globular stage. The storage materials, i.e. lipid and protein bodies, began to accumulate and the filamentary structures derived from suspensor cells still persisted. After the seeds matured (160 DAP), the germination percentage declined sharply. Safranin staining revealed that the outer seed coat was totally cuticularized and the inner seed coat appeared as a cuticle layer enclosing the embryo proper tightly, which may be the main factor inhibiting the subsequent germination of hybrid seeds. In conclusion, 150 DAP should be the opportune time for the in vitro germination of C. faberi ‘Jiepeimei’ × C. sinense ‘Qijianheimo’ hybrid seeds.

 

Key words: C. faberi × C. sinense; embryo development; in vitro; interspecific hybridization; seed germination

 

Received: September 1, 2015; Revised: September 24, 2015; Accepted: September 25, 2015; Published online: April 27, 2016

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chen X, Ji Z. Chinese Orchids. Beijing: Chinese Forestry Press; 1998.

Xu X, Chai M, Yang Y, Pan K, Zeng A, Jiang N, Wang L. Hybridization and in vitro Seed Germination of Cymbidium kanran. Acta Hortic Sin. 2011;38:2010-6.

Luo Y-B, Jia J-S, Wang C-L. A General Review of the Conservation Status of Chinese Orchids. Biod Sci. 2003;11:70-7.

Wang B, Li Z, Yu C. Progress on Orchid Breeding Study. Acta Hortic Sin. 2005;32:551-6.

Miyoshi K, Mii M. Stimulatory Effects of Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorite, Pre-Chilling and Cytokinins on the Germination of Cypripedium macranthos Seed in vitro. Physiol Plantarum. 1998;102:481-6.

Rasmussen HN. Terrestrial Orchids: from Seed to Mycotrophic Plant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1995.

Yamazaki J, Miyoshi K. In vitro Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seed and Formation of Protocorm by Cephalanthera falcata (Orchidaceae). Ann Bot. 2006;98:1197-206.

Zeng B, Zhu G, Liu H. Progress on Selecting and Breeding of Orchid. Chinese Agric Sci Bull. 2005;21:272-6.

Chen J, Cheng J, Zhu Y. The Morphogenesis of Chinese Orchid under in vitro Seed Germination. J Beijing Forest Univ. 1998;20:32-5.

Chen Y, Liu X, Liu Y. In vitro Plant Regeneration from the Immature Seeds of Cymbidium faberi. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult. 2005;81:247-51.

Pang H, Yang H, Ma J, Liu Y, Shen Y. Seed Germination Characteristics of Cymbidium goeringii, C. goeringii var. goeringii, C. tortispalum and C. goeringii var. longibracteatum. J West Forest Sci. 2010;39:56-60.

Lee Y-I, Lee N, Yeung EC, Chung M-C. Embryo Development of Cypripedium formosanum in Relation to Seed Germination in vitro. J Am Soc Hortic Sci. 2005;130:747-53.

Vasudevan R, van Staden J. Fruit Harvesting Time and Corresponding Morphological Changes of Seed Integuments Influence in vitro Seed Germination of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Plant Growth Regul. 2010;60:237-46.

Zeng S, Wu K, Teixeira da Silva JA, Zhang J, Chen Z, Xia N, Duan J. Asymbiotic Seed Germination, Seedling Development and Reintroduction of Paphiopedilum wardii Sumerh., an Endangered Terrestrial Orchid. Sci Hortic. 2012;138:198-209.

Zhang Y, Lee Y-I, Deng L, Zhao S. Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds and the Seedling Development of Cypripedium macranthos Sw., an Endangered Lady’s Slipper Orchid. Sci Hortic. 2013;164:130-6.

Arditti J, Ghani AKA. Numerical and Physical Properties of Orchid Seeds and Their Biological Implications. New Phytol. 2000;145:367-421.

Mayer JLS, Carmello-Guerreiro SM, Appezzato-da-Glória B. Anatomical Development of the Pericarp and Seed of Oncidium flexuosum Sims (ORCHIDACEAE). Flora. 2011;206:601-9.

Smreciu EA, Currah RS. Symbiotic Germination of Seeds of Terrestrial Orchids of North America and Europe. Lindleyana. 1989;4:6-15.

Li F, Chen S, Chen F, Teng N, Fang W, Zhang F, Deng Y. Anther Wall Development, Microsporogenesis and Microgametogenesis in Male Fertile and Sterile Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., Asteraceae). Sci Hortic. 2010;126:261-7.

Teng N-J, Wang Y-L, Sun C-Q, Fang W-M, Chen F-D. Factors Influencing Fecundity in Experimental Crosses of Water Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) Cultivars. BMC Plant Biol. 2012;12:82.

Wang X-G, Wang H-B, Chen F-D, Jiang J-F, Fang W-M, Liao Y, Teng N-J. Factors Affecting Quantity of Pollen Dispersal of Spray Cut Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium). BMC Plant Biol. 2014;14:5.

Lee Y-I, Yeung EC, Lee N, Chung M-C. Embryo Development in the Lady's Slipper Orchid, Paphiopedilum delenatii, with Emphasis on the Ultrastructure of the Suspensor. Ann Bot. 2006;98:1311-9.

Knudson L. A New Nutrient Solution for the Germination of Orchid Seeds. Am Orchid Soc Bull. 1946;15:214-7.

Li X, Xiang L, Wang Y, Luo J, Wu C, Sun C, Xie M. Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, Pollen Morphology and Cross-compatibility among Chinese Cymbidiums. Plant Breed. 2014;133:145-52.

Lee Y-I, Yeung EC. Embryology of the Lady’s Slipper Orchid, Paphiopedilum delenatii: Ovule Development. Bot Stud. 2012;53:97-104.

Deng Y, Jiang J, Chen S, Teng N, Song A, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F. Combination of Multiple Resistance Traits from Wild Relative Species in Chrysanthemum via Trigeneric Hybridization. PLoS one. 2012;7:e44337.

Lee Y-I, Yeung EC, Lee N, Chung M-C. Embryology of Phalaenopsis amabilis var. formosa: Embryo Development. Bot Stud. 2008;49:139-46.

Ram SG, Ramakrishnan SH, Thiruvengadam V, Bapu JRK. Prefertilization Barriers to Interspecific Hybridization Involving Gossypium hirsutum and Four Diploid Wild Species. Plant Breed. 2008;127:295-300.

Wilcork C, Neiland R. Pollination Failure in Plants: Why It Happens and When It Matters. Trends Plant Sci. 2002;7:270-7.

Kasha KJ, Kao KK. High Frequency Haploid Production in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Nature 1970;225:874-6.

Singh F. Differential Staining of Orchid Seeds for Viability Testing. Am Orchid Soc Bull. 1981;50:416-8.

Yeung EC, Meinke DW. Embryogenesis in Angiosperms: Development of the Suspensor. Plant Cell. 1993;5:1371-81.

Van Waes JM, Debergh PC. In vitro Germination of Some Western European Orchids. Physiol Plant. 1986;67:253-61.

Van der Kinderen G. Abscisic Acid in Terrestrial Orchid Seeds: A Possible Impact on Their Germination. Lindleyana. 1987;2:84-7.

Downloads

Published

2016-09-05

How to Cite

1.
Li F, Bao J, Sun Y, Liu C, Ma H, Zhang T, Chen X. EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT AND CORRESPONDING FACTORS AFFECTING IN VITRO GERMINATION OF CYMBIDIUM FABERI × C. SINENSE HYBRID SEEDS. Arch Biol Sci [Internet]. 2016Sep.5 [cited 2024Nov.21];68(3):541-50. Available from: https://serbiosoc.org.rs/arch/index.php/abs/article/view/972

Issue

Vol. 68 No. 3 (2016)

Section

Articles

License

Authors grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.